Douglas R. Hofstadter Quote

People enjoy inventing slogans which violate basic arithmetic but which illustrate deeper truths, such as 1 and 1 make 1 (for lovers), or 1 plus 1 plus 1 equals 1 (the Trinity). You can easily pick holes in those slogans, showing why, for instance, using the plus-sign is inappropriate in both cases. But such cases proliferate. Two raindrops running down a window-pane merge; does one plus one make one? A cloud breaks up into two clouds -more evidence of the same? It is not at all easy to draw a sharp line between cases where what is happening could be called addition, and where some other word is wanted. If you think about the question, you will probably come up with some criterion involving separation of the objects in space, and making sure each one is clearly distinguishable from all the others. But then how could one count ideas? Or the number of gases comprising the atmosphere? Somewhere, if you try to look it up, you can probably fin a statement such as, There are 17 languages in India, and 462 dialects. There is something strange about the precise statements like that, when the concepts language and dialect are themselves fuzzy.

Douglas R. Hofstadter

People enjoy inventing slogans which violate basic arithmetic but which illustrate deeper truths, such as 1 and 1 make 1 (for lovers), or 1 plus 1 plus 1 equals 1 (the Trinity). You can easily pick holes in those slogans, showing why, for instance, using the plus-sign is inappropriate in both cases. But such cases proliferate. Two raindrops running down a window-pane merge; does one plus one make one? A cloud breaks up into two clouds -more evidence of the same? It is not at all easy to draw a sharp line between cases where what is happening could be called addition, and where some other word is wanted. If you think about the question, you will probably come up with some criterion involving separation of the objects in space, and making sure each one is clearly distinguishable from all the others. But then how could one count ideas? Or the number of gases comprising the atmosphere? Somewhere, if you try to look it up, you can probably fin a statement such as, There are 17 languages in India, and 462 dialects. There is something strange about the precise statements like that, when the concepts language and dialect are themselves fuzzy.

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About Douglas R. Hofstadter

Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born February 15, 1945) is an American cognitive and computer scientist whose research includes concepts such as the sense of self in relation to the external world, consciousness, analogy-making, strange loops, artificial intelligence, and discovery in mathematics and physics. His 1979 book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid won both the Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction and a National Book Award (at that time called The American Book Award) for Science. His 2007 book I Am a Strange Loop won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Science and Technology.