Africa is in fact a more Christian continent than Europe. There are now, for example, more Anglicans in Nigeria than in England.
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Autarky),
Tranche
Trajectory, culminating in the Industrial Revolution.8 In their terms, England was the first country to move to having ‘inclusive’ or ‘pluralistic’ rather than ‘extractive’ political institutions. Not...
Those who live by the tort, die by the tort.
They were a sort of vermin like plague-rats that had to be exterminated.
They sought, from their earliest days, to use their financial leverage over individual states to improve the legal and political position of the Jews living there.
There really is no such thing as ‘the future’, singular. There are only multiple, unforeseeable futures, which will never lose their capacity to take us by surprise.
The state of the future will need to function more like the human immune system
The medieval contract known as the census, which allowed one party to buy a stream of annual payments from another.
The creditor could draw a bill on the debtor and either use the bill as a means of payment in its own right or obtain cash for it at a discount from a banker willing to act as broker.
Technology has enormously empowered networks of all kinds relative to traditional hierarchical power structures – but that the consequences of that change will be determined by the structures, emergen...
Spurious
Remember that the interest is paid on the face value of the bond, so if you can buy a 5 per cent bond at just 10 per cent of its face value you can earn a handsome yield of 50 per cent. In essence, yo...
Fight over scarce resources (food and fertile women)
The sequence is clear: first the Glorious Revolution, then agricultural improvement, then imperial expansion, then industrial revolution.
The rise of the West is, quite simply, the pre-eminent historical phenomenon of the second half of the second millennium after Christ. It is the story at the very heart of modern history. It is perhap...
The closure of the stock market and the intervention of the authorities to supply liquidity almost certainly averted a catastrophic fire-sale of assets.
The Qing Empire was about to feel the full force of history’s most successful narco-state: the British Empire.