The Amsterdam Exchange Bank (Wisselbank) was set up in 1609 to resolve the practical problems created for merchants by the circulation of multiple currencies in the United Provinces, where there were...
También explica por qué Gran Bretaña pudo superar a sus rivales ibéricos: precisamente porque, por ser una recién llegada a la carrera imperial, tuvo que dedicarse a colonizar los pocos prometedores p...
South Slav (Yugoslav)
So I was a punk out of frustration. But I became a Tory out of hope.
Si no se emplean en las misiones de paz, es difícil saber para qué sirven soldados, en una Europa que ha declarado la paz perpetua dentro de sus fronteras y que ya no es amenazada por Rusia.
Protection Certificate) to open a lemonade stand in New York City?12 This is the kind of debilitating red tape that development economists often blame for poverty in Africa or Latin America. The ratio...
President Franklin Roosevelt argued that all that Americans had to fear was ‘fear itself’.
Optimistic buyers of stocks are bulls, pessimistic sellers are bears.
Only by historical methods can we explain why, over the past thirty years, so many countries created forms of debt that, by design, cannot be inflated away; and why, as a result, the next generation w...
O atual debate entre os proponentes dos livres mercados e aqueles da intervenção estatal é, em essência, um debate entre escolas de pensamento notadamente ocidentais: os seguidores de Adam Smith e os...
Mortgages were short-term, usually for three to five years, and they were not amortized. In other words, people paid interest, but did not repay the sum they had borrowed (the principal) until the end...
MISCEGENATION
M0 (also known as the monetary base or high-powered money), which is equal to the total liabilities of the central bank, that is, cash plus the reserves of private sector banks on deposit at the centr...
La UE está muy poblada pero envejece. Su economía es grande pero lenta. Su productividad no es mala, pero está viciada por el ocio excesivo. Es
Just as global networks of communication and transportation had made the mass migrations of the late nineteenth century possible,6 so political networks of populism and nativism sprang into life to re...
It was misconceived because Johnson appeared to think the kind of tactics that worked in a Texas saloon would work in Vietnam: beat a man, then stop beating him and say, Give in, or I’ll beat you some...
It is not the fault of the mirror if it reflects our blemishes as clearly as our beauty.
In the end, the British sacrificed her Empire to stop the Germans, Japanese and Italians from keeping theirs. Did not that sacrifice alone expunge all the Empire's other sins?
Hitler had no doubt that it was rival empires, not native nationalism, which posed the real challenge to British rule.
Habsburgs,