Our central problem is not sin and guilt, as it is within the monarchical model. For the Spirit model, our central problem is estrangement, whose specific meaning of separated from that to which one belongs is most appropriate. ... For the monarchical model, sin is primarily disloyalty to the king, seen especially as disobedience to his laws. The metaphors used to express the Spirit model suggest something else. For the metaphor of God as lover, sin is unfaithfulness—that is, sin is going after other lovers.