يقول كارل ماركس :كان هيجل يعتقد أن العمل هو الجوهر الحقيقي للإنسان--- إن أي شخص قضى زمنا في السفر أو الإقامة خارج وطنه، لا يسعه إلا أن يلاحظ كيف تؤثر الحضارات و الثقافات القومية تأثيراً حاسماً في موقف...
Aşağıdaki düşünce deneyini uygulayarak sorunu örnekleyebiliriz. Yirmi yıl sonra eşcinselliğin genetik yönünü gerçekten anlayıp, anne babaların eşcinsel olacak bir çocuğu dünyaya getirme olasılığını ço...
Between rule of law and growth In the academic literature, the rule of law is sometimes considered a component of governance and sometimes considered a separate dimension of development (as I am doing...
Between social mobilization and liberal democracy From Alexis de Tocqueville onward there has been a large body of democratic theory arguing that modern liberal democracy cannot exist without a vigoro...
But the simple availability of information about corruption tends not to produce genuine accountability because the politically active part of the population are members of clientelistic networks.
But what if Rousseau was wrong and that inner self was, as traditional moralists believed, the seat of asocial or harmful impulses, indeed of evil?
China was the first world civilization to create a modern state. But it created a modern state that was not restrained by a rule of law or by institutions of accountability to limit the power of the s...
Chinese family businesses instinctively thought of ways of hiding income from the tax collector. The situation is quite different in Japan, where the family is weaker and individuals are pulled in dif...
Family life, which constitutes the smallest and most basic form of association, has deteriorated markedly since the 1960s with a sharp increase in rates of divorce and single-parent families. Beyond t...
Finally, the desire for recognition ensures that politics will never be reducible to simple economic self-interest. Human beings make constant judgments about the intrinsic value, worth, or dignity of...
In the period immediately following ratification of the Constitution in 1789, the national public service at its upper levels has been described as a Government by Gentlemen and it did not look too di...
Indeed, the kinds of minimal or no-government societies envisioned by dreamers of the Left and Right are not fantasies; they actually exist in the contemporary developing world. Many parts of sub-Saha...
Marxists basically like to think that the spirit of history or human consciousness made a terrible boob. The awakening message was intended for classes, but by some terrible postal error was delivered...
Marx’s original definition of bourgeoisie referred to ownership of the means of production. One of the characteristics of the modern world is that this form of property has become vastly democratized...
Political liberty—that is, the ability of societies to rule themselves—does not depend only on the degree to which a society can mobilize opposition to centralized power and impose constitutional cons...
Political scientist Ronald Inglehart, who has overseen the massive World Values Survey that seeks to measure value change around the world, has argued that economic modernization and middle-class stat...
Sometimes things that don’t happen are as important in explaining subsequent events as those that do, as Sherlock Holmes said of the dog that failed to bark. In Latin America, there also was a dog tha...
This highly negative narrative about interest groups stands in sharp contrast, however, to a much more positive one about the benefits of civil society, or voluntary associations, to the health of dem...
The experience of a more democratic America suggests that there is an inherent tension between democracy and what we now call good governance.
A middle-class voter could equally well take a proffered government job, or be persuaded that his or her family’s long-term interests are better served by a system that recruits the best possible peop...
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